A transformer uses electromagnetic induction to direct or 'transform' electrical energy between different circuits. Transformers are an essential part of our power supply, being applied for distributing, transmitting, and supplying power for domestic, commercial and industrial use. Power transformers are used in high voltage transmission networks with both step-down and step-up applications.
Common types of Power Transformers
Power transformers India are of many types and have different functions. Some of the commonly found types are:
Laminated core
The most commonly found transformer, the laminated core is a power transformer. The power ratings in a laminated core can range from mW to MW. You can find it in a number of appliances as well as power transmission systems where we need to convert mains voltage into voltage low enough to be used by different electrical devices. The core is laminated to reduce eddy current losses that occur with leakage flux. The laminations are stacked together, separated by a thin insulation. In very small appliances, a split bobbin can be used to provide insulation. Rectangular cores are common, but other shapes are also found.
Toroidal
It gets its names for its doughnut-shaped body. With a magnetic core and a toroidal shape, this kind of transformer is considered to be extremely effective. The toroidal shape has some definite advantages over the traditional rectangular shape. This is a more symmetrical shape, which ensure that the magnetic flux leakage is kept to the minimum. This also means less electromagnetic interference.
This makes toroidal transformers ideal for electrical equipment like TVs, computers, radios, and audio systems. The round shape makes this transformer relatively more compact. It needs fewer components. As a result it can be almost half as light as other transformers! The shape also means a higher Q factor and inductance when compared to a straight core.
Autotransformer
Also known as auto-step down transformer, autotransformer is a type of power transformer India with only one winding. With only one winding, portions of the single winding are used for both primary and secondary parts. The same winding will have electrical connections. There are disadvantages of not creating a separate primary and secondary circuits. But there are also some distinct advantages. It is light, compact, and less expensive than other transformers. There are also lower leakages and better VA ratings.
A sub-type in autotransformer are variable autotransformer. In this type of transformer a part of the winding coil is exposed and connected through a sliding brush. We can get the variable turns ratio, which ensures abetter control of output voltage. This is often the functioning behind a voltage regulator where we need a steady voltage despite variable loads.
Variable-frequency transformer
This is a three-phase power transformer where we can manipulate the primary and secondary circuits by rotating one half. Thus, we can adjust the relationship between the input and output winding.
Induction regulator
Similar to a wound-rotor induction motor, the induction regulator allows for changing its output. In this type of power transformer India, the output can be varied by rotating its secondary section. By this method we manipulate the magnetic field. Unlike variable transformers, it can be used in high-voltage systems.
Polyphase transformer
This type of transformer uses multiple single-phase transformers, connected by a single polyphase transformer. The primary windings of the constituent transformers are connected together, while the secondary windings are connected separately. Any earthing wire is usually at the centre. There can be many different types of configurations with different tap connections.
Earthing transformer
Also known as a grounding transformer, the earthing transformers has three wires polyphase system that provides a return path for neutral load. The earthing transformers typicallyhas single winding with a zigzag configuration.Some designs also have a wye-delta isolated winding connection.
Phase-shifting transformer
This type of Transformers repairing is designed tomanipulate the phase relationship between the input and output load. This way we can control the power flow in an electric grid. For instance, we can take a short phase and use it or a longer path.
Isolating transformer
An isolating transformer works by magnetically linking two circuits without any metallic conductive path. This limits the leakage from seeping out. For instance, medical equipment uses isolating transformer to prevent any power leakages to seep into patient-connected devices.